Exponent Calculator
Calculate any power xⁿ — positive, negative, or fractional exponents. Instant result in standard and scientific notation.
xⁿ means x multiplied by itself n times. Key rules: x⁻ⁿ = 1/xⁿ (negative exp = reciprocal) · x^(1/n) = ⁿ√x (fractional exp = root) · x⁰ = 1 (any non-zero base to the 0).
Quick examples
Rules of exponents:
xⁿ × xᵐ = xⁿ⁺ᵐ
xⁿ / xᵐ = xⁿ⁻ᵐ
x⁻ⁿ = 1/xⁿ
x^(1/n) = ⁿ√x
x⁰ = 1
(xy)ⁿ = xⁿyⁿ
Scientific Notation by Country
| Country / Region | Written form | Decimal separator | 1 million |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🇺🇸 USA / UK | 6.02 × 10²³ | Period (.) | 1,000,000 |
| 🇩🇪 Germany | 6,02 × 10²³ | Comma (,) | 1.000.000 |
| 🇫🇷 France | 6,02 × 10²³ | Comma (,) | 1 000 000 |
| 🇪🇸 Spain | 6,02 × 10²³ | Comma (,) | 1.000.000 |
| 🇯🇵 Japan | 6.02 × 10²³ | Period (.) | 100万 (hyakuman) |
| 🇮🇳 India | 6.02 × 10²³ | Period (.) | 10 lakh / 1,000,000 |
| 🌍 ISO 80000 | 6.02 × 10²³ | Period or comma | 1 000 000 (thin space) |
Frequently Asked Questions
What does a negative exponent mean?
x⁻ⁿ = 1/xⁿ. Example: 10⁻³ = 1/1000 = 0.001. Negative exponents appear extensively in science: nanometres (10⁻⁹ m), micrograms (10⁻⁶ g), milliseconds (10⁻³ s).
What does a fractional exponent mean?
x^(1/n) = ⁿ√x. So x^(1/2) = √x, x^(1/3) = ∛x. For x^(m/n): take the nth root then raise to the m power. Example: 8^(2/3) = (∛8)² = 2² = 4.
What is e (Euler's number) in exponents?
e ≈ 2.71828... is the base of natural logarithms. eⁿ is the natural exponential function, fundamental in compound interest (A = Pe^(rt)), population growth, and physics. It's the base where d/dx(eˣ) = eˣ.
How does scientific notation work on a calculator?
Enter 6.02E23 where E means "× 10^". Most scientific calculators (TI-84, Casio fx) use this format. In Europe, some calculators use the × 10^n notation directly. This calculator shows both standard form and E notation.